. Regarding the land revenue assessments, Portuguese traveler Nuniz had mentioned that the peasants were allowed to retain only a tenth part of their produce, the remaining was squeezed either by the government or 24 the feudatories as their share.
According to tradition, land revenue was paid in kind in the proportion of half the produce, and this half was converted into money at a price most unfavourable to the cultivator. Taxes on certain types of niraramba or wet fields were assessed and collected in cash, because of the perishable nature of their yield, while on kadaramba or dry plots, taxes were collected in kind.
Land possession rights were enjoyed by women too as observed from the contemporary epigraphs. An epigraph dated A.D. 1401 from Basrur mentions that one Tuluva Heggaditi, the daughter of Kotesarah belonging to Jadar Bali was enjoying landed property yielding 106 mudis of rice.
An inscription from Kaikim in Bhatkal Taluq dated A.D. 1542 says that one Gummati Nayakiti, the daughter of Koteyakka belonging to Honnabali was owning landed property worth 3 mud is of rice in a place called Salugeri. Other inscription dated A.D 154 6 refers to Baliyakka , the daughter of Banasi was in possession of landed property worth 9 mudis in the place called Mavali.
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