Tribal population of Madhya Pradesh: Madhya Pradesh has the highest population of tribal people in India. Total tribal population in Madhya Pradesh according to 2011 census is 1.53 croresaround 21% of total population. Bhil, Gond, Baiga, Bharia, Kaul are the main tribal groups.
Tribes of Madhya Pradesh:Tribal people in Madhya Pradesh extend from Narmada River to the north and the Godavari River to the south, tribal peoples lives in the slopes of the Vindhya and Satpura mountain range.
According to population following are the largest tribal groups of Madhya Pradesh
Out of the various tribes, 46 tribes are acknowledged by the constitution of India. These are called schedules tribes.
According to he Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 1976 below are the scheduled tribes of Madhya Pradesh:
- Agariya
- Andh
- Baiga
- Bhaina
- BhariaBhumia, BhuinharBhumia, Bhumiya, Bharia, Paliha, Pando
- Bhattra
- Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Patelia
- Bhil Mina
- Bhunjia
- Biar, Biyar
- Binjhwar
- Birhul, Birhor
- Damor, Damaria
- Dhanwar
- Gadaba, Gadba
- Gond
- Halba, Halbi
- Kamar
- Karku
- Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia, Tanwar, Chattri
- Keer
- Khairwar, Kondar
- Kharia
- Kondh, Khond, Kandh
- Kol
- Kolam
- Korku, Bopchi, Mouasi, Nihal, Nahul, Bondhi, Bondeya
- Korwa, Kodaku
- Majhi
- Majhwar
- Mawasi
- Mina
- Munda
- Nagesia, Nagasia
- Oraon, Dhanka, Dhangad
- Panika
- Pao
- Pardhan, PathariSaroti
- Pardhi
- Pardhi
- Parja
- Sahariya, Saharia, Seharia, Sehria, Sosia, Sor
- Saonta, Saunta
- Saur
- Sawar, Sawara
- Sonr
Fig: Tribal population distribution of Madhya Pradesh
Scale:
| Color | Percent of total Population |
| More than 50% | |
| 30-50% | |
| 10-30% | |
| 0-10% |
Vulnerable tribes of Madhya Pradesh:
Vulnerable tribes are the tribes having low development indices. Other features of vulnerable tribes are:
- practice of hunting and gathering,
- zero or negative population growth,
- extremely low level of literacy in comparison with other tribal groups
Bharia, Baiga and Sahariya are the 3 particularly vulnerable tribal group(now it is known as primitive tribal group) in Madhya Pradesh. We will know about these one by one.
Bharias :Bharia speaks Dravidian language and are completely isolated from the outside world. BhariaPeolehave deep knowledge of their forest areas and its various medicinal plants and hurbs.
Baigas: They are well known for their Tattoo tradition. Women of Baigas are expert in tattooing . Baigas practices shifting cultivation.
Sahariyas: These are very less developed tribe of Madhya Pradesh which is also found in some areas of Rajasthan. Sahariyas practices traditional wood gathering and hunting from the forests.
Distribution of these tribes is describedas below:
Bharias->Patalkot in Chhindwara district,
Baigas->Mandla, Dindori, Umaria ,Shahdol, Anoopur and Balaghat districts
Saharias->Gwalior, Datia, Morena, Sheopur, Bhind, Shivpuri districts.
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