APPSC Group 1 Mains 2023-Science Technology Environmental Issues

Explain the various challenges associated with disposing of massive amounts of Municipal Solid Waste. Discuss the action plan for municipal solid waste management in India for cities generating waste greater than 800 tonnes per day.

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Challenges in Municipal Solid Waste Disposal and India’s Action Plan Introduction: Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) refers to the waste generated from households, commercial establishments, and institutions within a municipality. Globally, the generation of MSW is increasing exponentially, driven by population growth, urbanization, and changing consumption patterns. The World Bank estimates that global MSW generation will … Read more

Climate change is a global concern that needs urgent intervention to combat it – Explain why. Discuss how climate-smart agriculture mitigates the devastating effects of climate change.

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Climate Change: A Global Emergency and the Role of Climate-Smart Agriculture Introduction: Climate change, driven primarily by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, is arguably the most significant challenge facing humanity. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change, unequivocally states that it is unequivocal that … Read more

What is Green Energy? Discuss Green Energy corridors and their need in India.

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What is Green Energy? Discussing Green Energy Corridors and their Need in India Introduction: Green energy, also known as renewable energy, refers to energy generated from natural resources that are replenished at a higher rate than they are consumed. This contrasts with fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) which are finite resources and contribute … Read more

Though circumstances are strongly pushing India to overturn decades of ‘No First Use’ nuclear doctrine, still India is committed to ‘No First Use’ of nuclear weapons – Comment.

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India’s Commitment to ‘No First Use’: A Balancing Act Introduction: India’s nuclear doctrine, officially declared in 1999, centers around the principle of “No First Use” (NFU) of nuclear weapons. This means India pledges not to initiate the use of nuclear weapons under any circumstances. However, this commitment exists within a complex geopolitical landscape, increasingly characterized … Read more

Why is India’s space industry looking for private sector investments, even though ISRO is a successfully performing Public Sector Undertaking (PSU)?

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Why India’s Space Industry Seeks Private Sector Investment Despite ISRO’s Success Introduction: India’s space program, spearheaded by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), boasts a remarkable track record of success, from launching satellites at a fraction of the cost of its competitors to executing complex missions like Chandrayaan and Mangalyaan. ISRO, a public sector undertaking … Read more

What is Space Junk? Discuss the challenges posed by increased space junk and the potential risks associated with it. What do you know about Project NETRA?

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Space Junk: A Growing Threat to Space Exploration and Earth Introduction: Space junk, also known as space debris or orbital debris, refers to any defunct man-made object in Earth’s orbit that no longer serves a useful purpose. This includes spent rocket stages, defunct satellites, fragments from collisions, and even paint flakes. The increasing amount of … Read more

Explain how ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ initiative is bringing a big change in India’s IT sector. Suggest steps to make India a Global Technology Hub.

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Atmanirbhar Bharat and the Transformation of India’s IT Sector Introduction: The “Atmanirbhar Bharat” (Self-Reliant India) initiative, launched in 2020, aims to make India economically self-sufficient and globally competitive. This initiative, while encompassing various sectors, has significantly impacted India’s IT sector, traditionally reliant on global outsourcing. The keywords here are “Atmanirbhar Bharat,” “India’s IT sector,” and … Read more

Digital platforms dramatically improve the quality and accountability of public services and facilitate citizen-centric governance – Elaborate. Explain various Technical, Economic, and Social bottlenecks in the implementation of e-Governance programs in India.

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Digital Platforms and E-Governance in India: A Critical Analysis Introduction: The advent of digital platforms has revolutionized the delivery of public services globally, promising increased efficiency, transparency, and citizen engagement. The concept of e-governance, encompassing the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to government functions, aims to achieve this transformation. While India has made … Read more

Technology plays a key role in transforming the healthcare sector and in addressing India’s healthcare challenges – Discuss.

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Technology’s Transformative Role in Indian Healthcare Introduction: India faces significant healthcare challenges, including a large population, uneven distribution of healthcare resources, and a shortage of skilled medical professionals. The World Health Organization (WHO) highlights India’s low doctor-patient ratio and inadequate infrastructure as major obstacles to achieving universal health coverage. However, technology is increasingly recognized as … Read more

Do you think the problem in India is “not so much knowledge creation, as knowledge consumption” and Scientific Social Responsibility (SSR) will go a long way in remedying this situation? Justify your stand. Discuss the challenges associated with the implementation of Scientific Social Responsibility.

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Is India’s Problem Primarily Knowledge Consumption, and Can SSR Remedy This? Introduction: India, a nation with a rich history of scientific and philosophical inquiry, faces a complex challenge in translating its knowledge potential into tangible societal benefits. While significant strides have been made in knowledge creation, particularly in certain scientific and technological domains, a persistent … Read more